- List
- EU dual-use list – Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2021/821, updated annually
- Originating regime
- Thỏa ước Wassenaar
N.B. SEE ALSO 1C202.
Note:
1C002 does not control metal alloys, metal alloy powder and alloyed materials, specially formulated for coating purposes.
Technical Note:
For the purposes of 1C002, metal alloys are those containing a higher percentage by weight of the stated metal than of any other element.
a. Aluminides, as follows:
1. Nickel aluminides containing a minimum of 15 % by weight aluminium, a maximum of 38 % by weight aluminium and at least one additional alloying element;
2. Titanium aluminides containing 10 % by weight or more aluminium and at least one additional alloying element;
b. Metal alloys, as follows, made from the powder or particulate material specified in 1C002.c.:
1. Nickel alloys having any of the following:
a. A 'stress-rupture life' of 10 000 hours or longer at 923 K (650 °C) at a stress of 676 MPa; or
b. A 'low cycle fatigue life' of 10 000 cycles or more at 823 K (550 °C) at a maximum stress of 1 095 MPa;
2. Niobium alloys having any of the following:
a. A 'stress-rupture life' of 10 000 hours or longer at 1 073 K (800 °C) at a stress of 400 MPa; or
b. A 'low cycle fatigue life' of 10 000 cycles or more at 973 K (700 °C) at a maximum stress of 700 MPa;
3. Titanium alloys having any of the following:
a. A 'stress-rupture life' of 10 000 hours or longer at 723 K (450 °C) at a stress of 200 MPa; or
b. A 'low cycle fatigue life' of 10 000 cycles or more at 723 K (450 °C) at a maximum stress of 400 MPa;
4. Aluminium alloys having any of the following:
a. A tensile strength of 240 MPa or more at 473 K (200 °C); or
b. A tensile strength of 415 MPa or more at 298 K (25 °C);
5. Magnesium alloys having all of the following:
a. A tensile strength of 345 MPa or more; and
b. A corrosion rate of less than 1 mm/year in 3 % sodium chloride aqueous solution measured in accordance with ASTM standard G-31 or national equivalents;
Technical Notes:
For the purposes of 1C002.b.:
1. 'Stress-rupture life' should be measured in accordance with ASTM standard E-139 or national equivalents.
2. 'Low cycle fatigue life' should be measured in accordance with ASTM Standard E-606 'Recommended Practice for Constant-Amplitude Low-Cycle Fatigue Testing' or national equivalents. Testing should be axial with an average stress ratio equal to 1 and a stress-concentration factor (Kt) equal to 1. The average stress ratio is defined as maximum stress minus minimum stress divided by maximum stress.
c. Metal alloy powder or particulate material, having all of the following:
1. Made from any of the following composition systems:
Technical Note:
For the purposes of 1C002.c.1., X equals one or more alloying elements.
a. Nickel alloys (Ni-Al-X, Ni-X-Al) qualified for turbine engine parts or components, i.e., with less than 3 non-metallic particles (introduced during the manufacturing process) larger than 100 μm in 109 alloy particles;
Note:
1C002.c.1.a. includes nickel alloys qualified for aero, aero-derivative, industrial or marine gas turbine engines.
b. Niobium alloys (Nb-Al-X or Nb-X-Al, Nb-Si-X or Nb-X-Si, Nb-Ti-X or Nb-X-Ti);
c. Titanium alloys (Ti-Al-X or Ti-X-Al);
d. Aluminium alloys (Al-Mg-X or Al-X-Mg, Al-Zn-X or Al-X-Zn, Al-Fe-X or Al-X-Fe); or
e. Magnesium alloys (Mg-Al-X or Mg-X-Al);
2. Made in a controlled environment by any of the following processes:
a. 'Vacuum atomisation';
b. 'Gas atomisation';
c. 'Rotary atomisation';
d. 'Splat quenching';
e. 'Melt spinning' and 'comminution';
f. 'Melt extraction' and 'comminution';
g. 'Mechanical alloying';
h. 'Plasma atomisation'; or
i. 'Ultrasonic atomisation'; and
3. Capable of forming materials specified in 1C002.a. or 1C002.b.;
d. Alloyed materials having all of the following:
1. Made from any of the composition systems specified in 1C002.c.1.;
2. In the form of uncomminuted flakes, ribbons or thin rods; and
3. Produced in a controlled environment by any of the following:
a. 'Splat quenching';
b. 'Melt spinning'; or
c. 'Melt extraction'.
Technical Notes:
For the purposes of 1C002:
1. 'Vacuum atomisation' is a process to reduce a molten stream of metal to droplets of a diameter of 500 μm or less by the rapid evolution of a dissolved gas upon exposure to a vacuum.
2. 'Gas atomisation' is a process to reduce a molten stream of metal alloy to droplets of 500 μm diameter or less by a high pressure gas stream.
3. 'Rotary atomisation' is a process to reduce a stream or pool of molten metal to droplets to a diameter of 500 μm or less by centrifugal force.
4. 'Splat quenching' is a process to 'solidify rapidly' a molten metal stream impinging upon a chilled block, forming a flake-like product.
5. 'Melt spinning' is a process to 'solidify rapidly' a molten metal stream impinging upon a rotating chilled block, forming a flake, ribbon or rod-like product.
6. 'Comminution' is a process to reduce a material to particles by crushing or grinding.
7. 'Melt extraction' is a process to 'solidify rapidly' and extract a ribbon-like alloy product by the insertion of a short segment of a rotating chilled block into a bath of a molten metal alloy.
8. 'Mechanical alloying' is an alloying process resulting from the bonding, fracturing and rebonding of elemental and master alloy powders by mechanical impact. Non-metallic particles may be incorporated in the alloy by addition of the appropriate powders.
9. 'Plasma atomisation' is a process to reduce a molten stream or solid metal to droplets of 500 μm diameter or less, using plasma torches in an inert gas environment.
10. 'Ultrasonic atomisation' is a process to reduce a molten stream of metal alloy to droplets of 500 μm diameter or less by ultrasonic vibration.
11. For the purposes of 1C002 Technical Notes, 'solidify rapidly' is a process involving the solidification of molten material at cooling rates exceeding 1 000 K/s.
Note:
1C002 does not control metal alloys, metal alloy powder and alloyed materials, specially formulated for coating purposes.
Technical Note:
For the purposes of 1C002, metal alloys are those containing a higher percentage by weight of the stated metal than of any other element.
a. Aluminides, as follows:
1. Nickel aluminides containing a minimum of 15 % by weight aluminium, a maximum of 38 % by weight aluminium and at least one additional alloying element;
2. Titanium aluminides containing 10 % by weight or more aluminium and at least one additional alloying element;
b. Metal alloys, as follows, made from the powder or particulate material specified in 1C002.c.:
1. Nickel alloys having any of the following:
a. A 'stress-rupture life' of 10 000 hours or longer at 923 K (650 °C) at a stress of 676 MPa; or
b. A 'low cycle fatigue life' of 10 000 cycles or more at 823 K (550 °C) at a maximum stress of 1 095 MPa;
2. Niobium alloys having any of the following:
a. A 'stress-rupture life' of 10 000 hours or longer at 1 073 K (800 °C) at a stress of 400 MPa; or
b. A 'low cycle fatigue life' of 10 000 cycles or more at 973 K (700 °C) at a maximum stress of 700 MPa;
3. Titanium alloys having any of the following:
a. A 'stress-rupture life' of 10 000 hours or longer at 723 K (450 °C) at a stress of 200 MPa; or
b. A 'low cycle fatigue life' of 10 000 cycles or more at 723 K (450 °C) at a maximum stress of 400 MPa;
4. Aluminium alloys having any of the following:
a. A tensile strength of 240 MPa or more at 473 K (200 °C); or
b. A tensile strength of 415 MPa or more at 298 K (25 °C);
5. Magnesium alloys having all of the following:
a. A tensile strength of 345 MPa or more; and
b. A corrosion rate of less than 1 mm/year in 3 % sodium chloride aqueous solution measured in accordance with ASTM standard G-31 or national equivalents;
Technical Notes:
For the purposes of 1C002.b.:
1. 'Stress-rupture life' should be measured in accordance with ASTM standard E-139 or national equivalents.
2. 'Low cycle fatigue life' should be measured in accordance with ASTM Standard E-606 'Recommended Practice for Constant-Amplitude Low-Cycle Fatigue Testing' or national equivalents. Testing should be axial with an average stress ratio equal to 1 and a stress-concentration factor (Kt) equal to 1. The average stress ratio is defined as maximum stress minus minimum stress divided by maximum stress.
c. Metal alloy powder or particulate material, having all of the following:
1. Made from any of the following composition systems:
Technical Note:
For the purposes of 1C002.c.1., X equals one or more alloying elements.
a. Nickel alloys (Ni-Al-X, Ni-X-Al) qualified for turbine engine parts or components, i.e., with less than 3 non-metallic particles (introduced during the manufacturing process) larger than 100 μm in 109 alloy particles;
Note:
1C002.c.1.a. includes nickel alloys qualified for aero, aero-derivative, industrial or marine gas turbine engines.
b. Niobium alloys (Nb-Al-X or Nb-X-Al, Nb-Si-X or Nb-X-Si, Nb-Ti-X or Nb-X-Ti);
c. Titanium alloys (Ti-Al-X or Ti-X-Al);
d. Aluminium alloys (Al-Mg-X or Al-X-Mg, Al-Zn-X or Al-X-Zn, Al-Fe-X or Al-X-Fe); or
e. Magnesium alloys (Mg-Al-X or Mg-X-Al);
2. Made in a controlled environment by any of the following processes:
a. 'Vacuum atomisation';
b. 'Gas atomisation';
c. 'Rotary atomisation';
d. 'Splat quenching';
e. 'Melt spinning' and 'comminution';
f. 'Melt extraction' and 'comminution';
g. 'Mechanical alloying';
h. 'Plasma atomisation'; or
i. 'Ultrasonic atomisation'; and
3. Capable of forming materials specified in 1C002.a. or 1C002.b.;
d. Alloyed materials having all of the following:
1. Made from any of the composition systems specified in 1C002.c.1.;
2. In the form of uncomminuted flakes, ribbons or thin rods; and
3. Produced in a controlled environment by any of the following:
a. 'Splat quenching';
b. 'Melt spinning'; or
c. 'Melt extraction'.
Technical Notes:
For the purposes of 1C002:
1. 'Vacuum atomisation' is a process to reduce a molten stream of metal to droplets of a diameter of 500 μm or less by the rapid evolution of a dissolved gas upon exposure to a vacuum.
2. 'Gas atomisation' is a process to reduce a molten stream of metal alloy to droplets of 500 μm diameter or less by a high pressure gas stream.
3. 'Rotary atomisation' is a process to reduce a stream or pool of molten metal to droplets to a diameter of 500 μm or less by centrifugal force.
4. 'Splat quenching' is a process to 'solidify rapidly' a molten metal stream impinging upon a chilled block, forming a flake-like product.
5. 'Melt spinning' is a process to 'solidify rapidly' a molten metal stream impinging upon a rotating chilled block, forming a flake, ribbon or rod-like product.
6. 'Comminution' is a process to reduce a material to particles by crushing or grinding.
7. 'Melt extraction' is a process to 'solidify rapidly' and extract a ribbon-like alloy product by the insertion of a short segment of a rotating chilled block into a bath of a molten metal alloy.
8. 'Mechanical alloying' is an alloying process resulting from the bonding, fracturing and rebonding of elemental and master alloy powders by mechanical impact. Non-metallic particles may be incorporated in the alloy by addition of the appropriate powders.
9. 'Plasma atomisation' is a process to reduce a molten stream or solid metal to droplets of 500 μm diameter or less, using plasma torches in an inert gas environment.
10. 'Ultrasonic atomisation' is a process to reduce a molten stream of metal alloy to droplets of 500 μm diameter or less by ultrasonic vibration.
11. For the purposes of 1C002 Technical Notes, 'solidify rapidly' is a process involving the solidification of molten material at cooling rates exceeding 1 000 K/s.