- List
- Wassenaar Arrangement – List of Dual-Use Goods and Technologies – WA-LIST (25) 1
- Corresponding EU entry
- 8A002
N.B. For underwater communications systems, see Category 5 – Part 1 - Telecommunications.
a. Systems, equipment and components, specially designed or modified for submersible vehicles and designed to operate at depths exceeding 1,000 m, as follows:
1. Pressure housings or pressure hulls with a maximum inside chamber diameter exceeding 1.5 m;
2. Direct current electric propulsion thrusters and specially designed motors therefor;
Technical Note
For the purposes of 8.A.2.a.2., brushless direct current motors may be referred to as Permanent Magnet Alternating Current (PMAC) motors.
3. Umbilical cables, and connectors therefor, using optical fibre and having synthetic strength members;
4. Components manufactured from material specified in 8.C.1.;
b. Systems specially designed or modified for the 'automated control' of the motion of submersible vehicles specified in 8.A.1., using navigation data, having closed loop servo-controls and having any of the following:
1. Enabling a vehicle to move within 10 m of a predetermined point in the water column;
2. Maintaining the position of the vehicle within 10 m of a predetermined point in the water column; or
3. Maintaining the position of the vehicle within 10 m while following a cable on or under the seabed;
Technical Note
For the purposes of 8.A.2.b., 'automated control' systems apply to systems onboard submersible vehicles.
c. Fibre optic pressure hull penetrators;
d. Not used since 2025
e. Not used since 2015
f. Not used since 2009
1. Not used since 2009
N.B. For electronic imaging systems specially designed or modified for underwater use incorporating image intensifier tubes specified in 6.A.2.a.2.a. or 6.A.2.a.2.b., see 6.A.3.b.3.
2. Not used since 2009
N.B. For electronic imaging systems specially designed or modified for underwater use incorporating "focal plane arrays" specified in 6.A.2.a.3.g., see 6.A.3.b.4.c.
g. Not used since 2025
h. "Robots" specially designed for underwater use, controlled by using a dedicated computer and having any of the following:
1. Systems that control the "robot" using information from sensors which measure force or torque applied to an external object, distance to an external object, or tactile sense between the "robot" and an external object; or
2. The ability to exert a force of 250 N or more or a torque of 250 Nm or more and using titanium based alloys or "composite" "fibrous or filamentary materials" in their structural members;
i. Remotely controlled articulated manipulators specially designed or modified for use with submersible vehicles and having any of the following:
1. Systems which control the manipulator using information from sensors which measure any of the following:
a. Torque or force applied to an external object; or
b. Tactile sense between the manipulator and an external object; or
2. Controlled by proportional master-slave techniques and having 5 degrees of 'freedom of movement' or more;
Technical Note
For the purposes of 8.A.2.i.2., only functions having proportionally related motion control using positional feedback are counted when determining the number of degrees of 'freedom of movement'.
j. Air independent power systems specially designed for underwater use, as follows:
1. Brayton or Rankine cycle engine air independent power systems having any of the following:
a. Chemical scrubber or absorber systems, specially designed to remove carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and particulates from recirculated engine exhaust;
b. Systems specially designed to use a monoatomic gas;
c. Devices or enclosures, specially designed for underwater noise reduction in frequencies below 10 kHz, or special mounting devices for shock mitigation; or
d. Systems having all of the following:
1. Specially designed to pressurise the products of reaction or for fuel reformation;
2. Specially designed to store the products of the reaction; and
3. Specially designed to discharge the products of the reaction against a pressure of 100 kPa or more;
j. 2. Diesel cycle engine air independent systems having all of the following:
a. Chemical scrubber or absorber systems, specially designed to remove carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and particulates from recirculated engine exhaust;
b. Systems specially designed to use a monoatomic gas;
c. Devices or enclosures, specially designed for underwater noise reduction in frequencies below 10 kHz, or special mounting devices for shock mitigation; and
d. Specially designed exhaust systems that do not exhaust continuously the products of combustion;
j. 3. "Fuel cell" air independent power systems with an output exceeding 2 kW and having any of the following:
a. Devices or enclosures, specially designed for underwater noise reduction in frequencies below 10 kHz, or special mounting devices for shock mitigation; or
b. Systems having all of the following:
1. Specially designed to pressurise the products of reaction or for fuel reformation;
2. Specially designed to store the products of the reaction; and
3. Specially designed to discharge the products of the reaction against a pressure of 100 kPa or more;
j. 4. Stirling cycle engine air independent power systems having all of the following:
a. Devices or enclosures, specially designed for underwater noise reduction in frequencies below 10 kHz, or special mounting devices for shock mitigation; and
b. Specially designed exhaust systems which discharge the products of combustion against a pressure of 100 kPa or more;
k. Not used since 2014
l. Not used since 2014
m. Not used since 2014
n. Not used since 2014
o. Propellers, power transmission systems, power generation systems, and noise reduction systems and related equipment, as follows:
1. Not used since 2014
2. Water-screw propeller, power generation systems or transmission systems, designed for use on vessels, as follows:
a. Controllable-pitch propellers and hub assemblies, rated at more than 30 MW;
b. Internally liquid-cooled electric propulsion motors with a power output exceeding 2.5 MW;
c. "Superconductive" propulsion motors with a power output exceeding 0.1 MW;
d. Power transmission systems incorporating "composite" shafts and designed to transmit power exceeding 10 MW;
e. Ventilated or base-ventilated propeller systems, rated at more than 2.5 MW;
o. 3. Noise reduction systems and related equipment, designed for use on vessels of 1,000 tonnes displacement or more, as follows:
a. Systems that attenuate underwater noise at frequencies below 500 Hz and consist of compound acoustic mounts for the acoustic isolation of diesel engines, diesel generator sets, gas turbines, gas turbine generator sets, propulsion motors or propulsion reduction gears, specially designed for sound or vibration isolation and having an intermediate mass exceeding 30% of the equipment to be mounted;
b. 'Active noise reduction or cancellation systems' or magnetic bearings, specially designed for power transmission systems;
Technical Note
For the purposes of 8.A.2.o.3.b., 'active noise reduction or cancellation systems' incorporate electronic control systems capable of actively reducing equipment vibration by the generation of anti-noise or anti-vibration signals directly to the source.
o. 4. Permanent magnet electric propulsion motors specially designed for submersible vehicles, having a power output exceeding 0.1 MW.
Note 8.A.2.o.4. includes rim-driven propulsion systems.
p. Pumpjet propulsion systems having all of the following:
1. Power output exceeding 2.5 MW; and
2. Using divergent nozzle and flow conditioning vane techniques to improve propulsive efficiency or reduce propulsion-generated underwater-radiated noise;
q. Underwater swimming and diving equipment as follows:
1. Closed circuit rebreathers;
2. Semi-closed circuit rebreathers;
Note 8.A.2.q. does not apply to individual rebreathers for personal use when accompanying their users.
N.B. For equipment and devices specially designed for military use, see ML17.a. on the Munitions List.
r. Diver deterrent acoustic systems specially designed or modified to disrupt divers and having a sound pressure level equal to or exceeding 190 dB (reference 1 µPa at 1 m) at frequencies of 200 Hz and below.
Note 1 8.A.2.r. does not apply to diver deterrent systems based on underwater explosive devices, air guns or combustible sources.
Note 2 8.A.2.r. includes diver deterrent acoustic systems that use spark gap sources, also known as plasma sound sources.
a. Systems, equipment and components, specially designed or modified for submersible vehicles and designed to operate at depths exceeding 1,000 m, as follows:
1. Pressure housings or pressure hulls with a maximum inside chamber diameter exceeding 1.5 m;
2. Direct current electric propulsion thrusters and specially designed motors therefor;
Technical Note
For the purposes of 8.A.2.a.2., brushless direct current motors may be referred to as Permanent Magnet Alternating Current (PMAC) motors.
3. Umbilical cables, and connectors therefor, using optical fibre and having synthetic strength members;
4. Components manufactured from material specified in 8.C.1.;
b. Systems specially designed or modified for the 'automated control' of the motion of submersible vehicles specified in 8.A.1., using navigation data, having closed loop servo-controls and having any of the following:
1. Enabling a vehicle to move within 10 m of a predetermined point in the water column;
2. Maintaining the position of the vehicle within 10 m of a predetermined point in the water column; or
3. Maintaining the position of the vehicle within 10 m while following a cable on or under the seabed;
Technical Note
For the purposes of 8.A.2.b., 'automated control' systems apply to systems onboard submersible vehicles.
c. Fibre optic pressure hull penetrators;
d. Not used since 2025
e. Not used since 2015
f. Not used since 2009
1. Not used since 2009
N.B. For electronic imaging systems specially designed or modified for underwater use incorporating image intensifier tubes specified in 6.A.2.a.2.a. or 6.A.2.a.2.b., see 6.A.3.b.3.
2. Not used since 2009
N.B. For electronic imaging systems specially designed or modified for underwater use incorporating "focal plane arrays" specified in 6.A.2.a.3.g., see 6.A.3.b.4.c.
g. Not used since 2025
h. "Robots" specially designed for underwater use, controlled by using a dedicated computer and having any of the following:
1. Systems that control the "robot" using information from sensors which measure force or torque applied to an external object, distance to an external object, or tactile sense between the "robot" and an external object; or
2. The ability to exert a force of 250 N or more or a torque of 250 Nm or more and using titanium based alloys or "composite" "fibrous or filamentary materials" in their structural members;
i. Remotely controlled articulated manipulators specially designed or modified for use with submersible vehicles and having any of the following:
1. Systems which control the manipulator using information from sensors which measure any of the following:
a. Torque or force applied to an external object; or
b. Tactile sense between the manipulator and an external object; or
2. Controlled by proportional master-slave techniques and having 5 degrees of 'freedom of movement' or more;
Technical Note
For the purposes of 8.A.2.i.2., only functions having proportionally related motion control using positional feedback are counted when determining the number of degrees of 'freedom of movement'.
j. Air independent power systems specially designed for underwater use, as follows:
1. Brayton or Rankine cycle engine air independent power systems having any of the following:
a. Chemical scrubber or absorber systems, specially designed to remove carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and particulates from recirculated engine exhaust;
b. Systems specially designed to use a monoatomic gas;
c. Devices or enclosures, specially designed for underwater noise reduction in frequencies below 10 kHz, or special mounting devices for shock mitigation; or
d. Systems having all of the following:
1. Specially designed to pressurise the products of reaction or for fuel reformation;
2. Specially designed to store the products of the reaction; and
3. Specially designed to discharge the products of the reaction against a pressure of 100 kPa or more;
j. 2. Diesel cycle engine air independent systems having all of the following:
a. Chemical scrubber or absorber systems, specially designed to remove carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and particulates from recirculated engine exhaust;
b. Systems specially designed to use a monoatomic gas;
c. Devices or enclosures, specially designed for underwater noise reduction in frequencies below 10 kHz, or special mounting devices for shock mitigation; and
d. Specially designed exhaust systems that do not exhaust continuously the products of combustion;
j. 3. "Fuel cell" air independent power systems with an output exceeding 2 kW and having any of the following:
a. Devices or enclosures, specially designed for underwater noise reduction in frequencies below 10 kHz, or special mounting devices for shock mitigation; or
b. Systems having all of the following:
1. Specially designed to pressurise the products of reaction or for fuel reformation;
2. Specially designed to store the products of the reaction; and
3. Specially designed to discharge the products of the reaction against a pressure of 100 kPa or more;
j. 4. Stirling cycle engine air independent power systems having all of the following:
a. Devices or enclosures, specially designed for underwater noise reduction in frequencies below 10 kHz, or special mounting devices for shock mitigation; and
b. Specially designed exhaust systems which discharge the products of combustion against a pressure of 100 kPa or more;
k. Not used since 2014
l. Not used since 2014
m. Not used since 2014
n. Not used since 2014
o. Propellers, power transmission systems, power generation systems, and noise reduction systems and related equipment, as follows:
1. Not used since 2014
2. Water-screw propeller, power generation systems or transmission systems, designed for use on vessels, as follows:
a. Controllable-pitch propellers and hub assemblies, rated at more than 30 MW;
b. Internally liquid-cooled electric propulsion motors with a power output exceeding 2.5 MW;
c. "Superconductive" propulsion motors with a power output exceeding 0.1 MW;
d. Power transmission systems incorporating "composite" shafts and designed to transmit power exceeding 10 MW;
e. Ventilated or base-ventilated propeller systems, rated at more than 2.5 MW;
o. 3. Noise reduction systems and related equipment, designed for use on vessels of 1,000 tonnes displacement or more, as follows:
a. Systems that attenuate underwater noise at frequencies below 500 Hz and consist of compound acoustic mounts for the acoustic isolation of diesel engines, diesel generator sets, gas turbines, gas turbine generator sets, propulsion motors or propulsion reduction gears, specially designed for sound or vibration isolation and having an intermediate mass exceeding 30% of the equipment to be mounted;
b. 'Active noise reduction or cancellation systems' or magnetic bearings, specially designed for power transmission systems;
Technical Note
For the purposes of 8.A.2.o.3.b., 'active noise reduction or cancellation systems' incorporate electronic control systems capable of actively reducing equipment vibration by the generation of anti-noise or anti-vibration signals directly to the source.
o. 4. Permanent magnet electric propulsion motors specially designed for submersible vehicles, having a power output exceeding 0.1 MW.
Note 8.A.2.o.4. includes rim-driven propulsion systems.
p. Pumpjet propulsion systems having all of the following:
1. Power output exceeding 2.5 MW; and
2. Using divergent nozzle and flow conditioning vane techniques to improve propulsive efficiency or reduce propulsion-generated underwater-radiated noise;
q. Underwater swimming and diving equipment as follows:
1. Closed circuit rebreathers;
2. Semi-closed circuit rebreathers;
Note 8.A.2.q. does not apply to individual rebreathers for personal use when accompanying their users.
N.B. For equipment and devices specially designed for military use, see ML17.a. on the Munitions List.
r. Diver deterrent acoustic systems specially designed or modified to disrupt divers and having a sound pressure level equal to or exceeding 190 dB (reference 1 µPa at 1 m) at frequencies of 200 Hz and below.
Note 1 8.A.2.r. does not apply to diver deterrent systems based on underwater explosive devices, air guns or combustible sources.
Note 2 8.A.2.r. includes diver deterrent acoustic systems that use spark gap sources, also known as plasma sound sources.