Sunday, 1 November 2026
Standing Office 81 (SOVNPA 81) emblem Viet Nam NVietnam National Presiding Agency
on Countering the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction
Standing Office 81

1C351Human and animal pathogens and "toxins", as follows:

List
EU dual-use list – Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2021/821, updated annually
Originating regime
Nhóm Úc (AG)
a. Viruses, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of "isolated live cultures" or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:
1. African horse sickness virus;
2. African swine fever virus;
3. Andes virus;
4. Avian influenza virus, which are:
a. Uncharacterised; or
b. Defined in Annex I(2) EC Directive 2005/94/EC (OJ. L.10 14.1.2006 p.16) as having high pathogenicity, as follows:
1. Type A viruses with an IVPI (intravenous pathogenicity index) in 6 week old chickens of greater than 1,2; or
2. Type A viruses of the subtypes H5 or H7 with genome sequences codified for multiple basic amino acids at the cleavage site of the haemagglutinin molecule similar to that observed for other HPAI viruses, indicating that the haemagglutinin molecule can be cleaved by a host ubiquitous protease;
5. Bluetongue virus;
6. Chapare virus;
7. Chikungunya virus;
8. Choclo virus;
9. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus;
10. Not used;
11. Dobrava-Belgrade virus;
12. Eastern equine encephalitis virus;
13. Ebolavirus: all members of the Ebolavirus genus;
14. Foot-and-mouth disease virus;
15. Goatpox virus;
16. Guanarito virus;
17. Hantaan virus;
18. Hendra virus (Equine morbillivirus);
19. Suid herpesvirus 1 (Pseudorabies virus; Aujeszky's disease);
20. Classical swine fever virus (Hog cholera virus);
21. Japanese encephalitis virus;
22. Junin virus;
23. Kyasanur Forest disease virus;
24. Laguna Negra virus;
25. Lassa virus;
26. Louping ill virus;
27. Lujo virus;
28. Lumpy skin disease virus;
29. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus;
30. Machupo virus;
31. Marburgvirus: all members of the Marburgvirus genus;
32. Monkeypox virus;
33. Murray Valley encephalitis virus;
34. Newcastle disease virus;
35. Nipah virus;
36. Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus;
37. Oropouche virus;
38. Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus;
39. Swine vesicular disease virus;
40. Powassan virus;
41. Rabies virus and all other members of the Lyssavirus genus;
42. Rift Valley fever virus;
43. Rinderpest virus;
44. Rocio virus;
45. Sabia virus;
46. Seoul virus;
47. Sheeppox virus;
48. Sin Nombre virus;
49. St. Louis encephalitis virus;
50. Porcine Teschovirus;
51. Tick-borne encephalitis virus (Far Eastern subtype);
52. Variola virus;
53. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus;
54. Vesicular stomatitis virus;
55. Western equine encephalitis virus;
56. Yellow fever virus;
57. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-related coronavirus);
58. Reconstructed 1918 influenza virus;
59. Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-related coronavirus);
b. Not used;
c. Bacteria, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of "isolated live cultures" or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:
1. Bacillus anthracis;
2. Brucella abortus;
3. Brucella melitensis;
4. Brucella suis;
5. Burkholderia mallei (Pseudomonas mallei);
6. Burkholderia pseudomallei (Pseudomonas pseudomallei);
7. Chlamydia psittaci (Chlamydophila psittaci);
8. Clostridium argentinense (formerly known as Clostridium botulinum Type G), botulinum neurotoxin producing strains;
9. Clostridium baratii, botulinum neurotoxin producing strains;
10. Clostridium botulinum;
11. Clostridium butyricum, botulinum neurotoxin producing strains;
12
Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin producing types;
13. Coxiella burnetii;
14. Francisella tularensis;
15. Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (strain F38);
16. Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides SC (small colony);
17. Rickettsia prowazekii;
18. Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi (Salmonella typhi);
19. Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) of serogroups O26, O45, O103, O104, O111, O121, O145, O157, and other shiga toxin producing serogroups;
Note:
Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) includes inter alia enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), verotoxin producing E. coli (VTEC) or verocytotoxin producing E. coli (VTEC).
20. Shigella dysenteriae;
21. Vibrio cholerae;
22. Yersinia pestis;
d. "Toxins", as follows, and "sub-unit of toxins" thereof:
1. Botulinum neurotoxins;
2. Clostridium perfringens alpha, beta 1, beta 2, epsilon and iota toxins;
3. Conotoxins;
4. Ricin;
5. Saxitoxin;
6. Shiga toxins (shiga-like toxins, verotoxins and verocytotoxins)
7. Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins, hemolysin alpha toxin, and toxic shock syndrome toxin (formerly known as Staphylococcus enterotoxin F);
8. Tetrodotoxin;
9. Not used;
10. Microcystins (Cyanginosins);
11. Aflatoxins;
12. Abrin;
13. Not used;
14. Diacetoxyscirpenol;
15. T-2 toxin;
16. HT-2 toxin;
17. Modeccin;
18. Volkensin;
19. Viscumin (Viscum Album Lectin 1);
20. Brevetoxins;
21. Gonyautoxins;
22. Nodularins;
23. Palytoxin;
24. Neosaxitoxin (NEO).
Note:
1C351.d. does not control botulinum neurotoxins or conotoxins in product form meeting all of the following criteria:
1. Are pharmaceutical formulations designed for human administration in the treatment of medical conditions;
2. Are pre-packaged for distribution as medical products;
3. Are authorised by a state authority to be marketed as medical products.
e. Fungi, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of "isolated live cultures" or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:
1. Coccidioides immitis;
2. Coccidioides posadasii.
Note:
1C351 does not control "vaccines" or "immunotoxins".